解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::The present experiment examined effects of nicotine on body weight of male and female rats when Oreo cookies, potato chips, laboratory chow, and water were available. Body weight and eating behavior were measured for 17-day periods before, during, and after nicotine or saline administration. There was an inverse relat...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00212851
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The behavioral effects of the benzodiazepine (BZP)-receptor partial inverse agonists, beta-CCE and FG 7142, are reviewed and the claim that these compounds possess "anxiogenic" properties is examined. Results obtained from human studies and global observations in animals, as well as those from experiments on aggressio...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/BF00212837
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two groups of socially housed rhesus monkeys were raised under conditions differing in the degree of control or mastery over appetitive stimuli (food, water, and treats) in the 1st year of life. At age 18-24 months, a benzodiazepine receptor inverse agonist, beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester (beta-CCE), was...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02431537
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The issue of whether tolerance develops to the motivational effects of opioids was addressed by use of an unbiased place preference conditioning procedure. Administration of the mu-opioid agonists morphine or fentanyl produced dose-related preferences for the drug-associated place in control rats. In contrast, the kap...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02431542
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of 6-OHDA lesions of dopamine terminals within the amygdala were investigated on i) (+) amphetamine-induced locomotor hyperactivity and ii) the acquisition of intravenous self-administration of (+) amphetamine. The lesioned rats exhibited increased locomotor activity in response to (+) amphetamine (0.75 an...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00176851
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The forced swimming test is reviewed. This test appears to be suitable for detecting antidepressant activity in rats but not in mice. Difference in experimental procedure may account for the different sensitivity to drugs of the two animal species. ...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/BF00176837
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) is a psychoactive phenylisopropylamine which is structurally similar to both amphetamine-related sympathomimetics and the hallucinogen, mescaline. MDMA produces pleasurable effects which include euphoria, and recent reports continue to demonstrate its widespread recreational us...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00212765
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A study was performed on the effect of ethanol on the basal and K+-evoked efflux of endogenous GABA from rat hypothalamic fragments. The amount of GABA present in the medium and in the tissue was measured by radioreceptor assay. In vitro addition of ethanol (50 and 100 mM) enhanced the K+-evoked efflux of GABA in a Ca...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00181959
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The modulation of spontaneous (social and individual) behaviour as a function of the age of the rat (1, 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months) and of scopolamine dose (0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.5 mg/kg) was studied. Observations were conducted during the dark phase of the reverse light/dark schedule using a reintroduction procedure. R...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00181945
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Maternal pup searching behaviour of lactating house mice treated with apomorphine, haloperidol or saline was examined on a running board with a central depression as a nest. Pup searching was elicited by artificial ultrasonic stimuli: a female moved out from the nest either towards a 50 kHz tone (key stimulus) which i...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00174523
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of the antiepilepsy drugs methsuximide and mephenytoin were examined in pigeons responding under a fixed-consecutive-number (FCN) schedule with and without an added external discriminative stimulus. On this schedule, food was delivered whenever subjects responded between 8 and 12 times on one response key ...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00174512
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rats were presented with noise bursts alone or noise bursts 60 ms after presentation of either a 60 dB or an 80 dB prepulse after injection of the dopamine agonists apomorphine (3 mg/kg) or d-amphetamine (4 mg/kg), the glycine antagonist strychnine (1.5 mg/kg) or the alpha 2 antagonist yohimbine (5 mg/kg). Presentatio...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00174500
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pigeons trained to discriminate between the presence and absence of delta 9-THC (0.56 mg/kg, IM, intramuscularly) were tested with diazepam (5.6-30 mg/kg), administered IG (intragastrically), and were found to generalize the response associated with the THC training to the diazepam treatment only to a limited extent. ...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00174684
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of the selective noradrenaline neurotoxin DSP4 on steady-state operant behaviour was examined using a quantitative behavioural paradigm based on Herrnstein's (1970) equation, which defines a hyperbolic relationship between steady-state response rate and reinforcement frequency in variable-interval schedules...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02180039
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Benztropine mesylate (Cogentin) and physostigmine salicylate (Antilirium), were tested for changes in tongue protrusions, retrusions, and swallowing acts in rats anesthetized with a 100 mg/kg IM injection of ketamine hydrochloride. These ketamine-induced linguopharyngeal events were monitored by means of a force displ...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02180028
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is an increasing prevalence of smokeless tobacco use. However, very little descriptive information is available on the pattern of use. This study examines topographical features of smokeless tobacco use in a male college-age population (N = 56). Subjects were required to use smokeless tobacco ad lib. for a perio...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00216076
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Single-dose pharmacokinetics of alprazolam was studied in 42 normal male volunteers (14 Caucasians, 14 American-born Asians, and 14 foreign-born Asians), after both oral and parenteral (IV) administration of a small dose (0.5 mg) of the test drug. Asians manifested significantly higher Cmax, larger AUC, slower CL and ...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00216063
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic treatment (2 weeks) with piracetam (500 mg/kg, once daily PO) elevated m-cholinoceptor density in the frontal cortex of aged (18 months) female mice by about 30-40%, but had no effect on m-cholinoceptor density in the frontal cortex of young (4 weeks) mice. The effect of piracetam on m-cholinoceptor density as...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00735884
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has been shown that pretreatment with dopamine (DA) receptor blockers disrupts the effect of intravenously (IV) and intracerebrally (ICV), but not intraperitoneally (IP) administered cocaine on place preference conditioning (PPC). The present study was undertaken to further evaluate possible differences between IV ...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00735892
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We are performing a double-blind trial with inward psychiatric patients. The indication for our psychotropic or psychotherapeutic intervention is mainly severe depression (= major depressive disorders DSM III). For a 3-week trial course trazodone (400 mg daily), amitriptyline (150 mg/die) or placebo capsules were give...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00172621
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined whether any locus postsynaptic to the GABAergic striatonigral projection might be involved in the enhancement of behavioral response to dopaminergic stimulants induced by chronic treatment with either neuroleptic drugs or stimulants. Rats exposed chronically to either chlorpromazine or cocaine were tested ...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00212767
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tolerance to nicotine occurs in mice after its chronic administration. This tolerance is accompanied by an up-regulation of nicotinic receptors as assessed by the binding of (3H)-nicotine and alpha-(125I)-bungarotoxin (BTX). Past studies (Marks et al. 1983, 1986) have shown that the increase in BTX binding sites is mo...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00212766
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two experiments investigated the effect of alcohol on retrieval of lexical information. In each, volunteers received alcohol (1 ml per kg body weight) in one session and no alcohol in another in counterbalanced order. Experiment 1 was a computerised version of the Mill Hill vocabulary test in which subjects were requi...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00212779
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lymphocyte beta adrenergic receptor binding using [125I]CNP was determined in patients with panic disorder (N = 4) or agoraphobia with panic attacks (N = 17) and age- and sex-matched healthy subjects (N = 22). The patients showed a significantly lower number of beta-adrenergic receptor binding sites and a significantl...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00735875
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of intraperitoneal administrations of the deoxycorticosterone metabolite, 5 alpha-pregnane-, 21 diol-20-one (3 alpha, 5 alpha-tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone; alpha-THDOC) on the responses to aggression and defeat-induced analgesia were examined in subordinate intruder male mice in "resident-intruder" pairin...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00172960
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To investigate the role of D1 dopamine receptors in the discriminative stimulus effects of cocaine, two rhesus monkeys were trained in a two-lever, food-reinforced, drug discrimination paradigm to discriminate cocaine (0.2 mg/kg, IM) from saline. Administration of various doses of cocaine resulted in a dose-related in...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00181961
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Risperidone, a new antipsychotic agent, was studied for its effects on spontaneous motor activity in rats in comparison with haloperidol. Motor activity was recorded via the optical scanning technique (horizontal and vertical activity) and via a recently developed technique based on the piezo-electric principle which,...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00172961
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects on memory and psychomotor functions of four antidepressants which differ in sedative and anticholinergic properties were assessed. Amitriptyline (37.5, 70 mg), trazodone (100, 200 mg) viloxazine (100, 200 mg), protriptyline (10, 20 mg) or placebo were administered in a double blind, independent groups desi...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00172967
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rats were chronically administered either haloperidol (HAL) or fluphenazine (FLU) via depot injections for 8 months, given these same drugs in their drinking water for the next 2 months, and then withdrawn from the drugs. Throughout the experiment the animals were tested repeatedly in an enclosed tube using a computer...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00174701
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the possibility that repeated electrical stimulation of the basolateral amygdala (kindling) would increase punished behavior, a pre-clinical indicator of anti-anxiety activity. Male Sprague-Dawley rats, prepared with electrodes in the left basolateral nucleus and frontal cortex, were trained to bar-pre...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00216053
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A prospective study of response to treatment with nortriptyline was carried out in a group of 14 inpatients with mixed symptoms of depression and dementia. Platelet membrane fluidity, as reflected by the fluorescence anisotropy of DPH labeled membranes, was determined for all 14 drug-free subjects prior to treatment b...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00174688
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of lormetazepam (0.03 mg/kg IV) a benzodiazepine (BZ) derivative in combination with ZK 93 426 (0.04 mg/kg IV) a beta-carboline, benzodiazepine receptor antagonist were evaluated in humans. Independently, the effects of ZK 93 426 on its own were investigated. A psychometric test battery to evaluate sedatio...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00172956
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The behavioral consequences of prolonged continuous exposure to cocaine were examined in rhesus monkeys. Operant behavior was sampled for 0.5 h every 6 h, and cocaine was continuously infused through an intravenous catheter. Cocaine (4.0-32 mg/kg/day) initially caused reductions in the rate of responding for food and ...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00176861
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Metergoline given IP reduced the response to noxious stimulation in the mouse formalin test. Tolerance to this effect developed after a chronic treatment schedule consisting of ten daily injections of 5 mg/kg. Twenty four hours after the last injection a test dose of metergoline (2.5 mg/kg) reduced the licking time in...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02439580
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The behavioral effects following intrastriatal MPP+, the neurotoxic metabolite of MPTP, were evaluated in mice. Bilateral injections of 10 micrograms MPP+ to mice previously trained in the shuttle box paradigm produced a 66% decrease in striatal dopamine and significant deficits in all measures of conditioned avoidanc...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00176480
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of the (+)- and (-)-enantiomers of 3-PPP [conventional and atypical dopamine (DA)-receptor active agent, respectively] were investigated in a commonly used animal model of anxiety: the Vogel licking-conflict test. Low doses (less than or equal to 0.5 mg/kg SC) of both 3-PPP enantiomers resulted in anti-conf...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00210846
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In neuroleptic therapy for psychotic illness, clinical improvement is produced more slowly than is central dopamine blockade, and its time course is highly variable between patients. A theory of neuroleptic-responsive psychotic illness thus requires more than dopamine blockade, though that appears to be the first step...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/BF00176470
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two enantiomers (1S and 1R) of delta-3-tetrahydrocannabinol were assayed in man for psychoactivity. The 1S enantiomer had definite psychic actions, qualitatively similar to those of delta-1-tetrahydrocannabinol, but quantitatively less potent (1:3 to 1:6). Adding the two enantiomers together did not increase the effec...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00176485
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of single and repeated electroconvulsive treatment (ECT) on beta-endorphin (beta-EP), cortisol, growth hormone (GH) and prolactin (Prl) plasma levels were investigated in nine depressed patients. Blood samples were monitored a day before ECT, the day of the first and sixth ECT (0, 30, 60 and 90 min after s...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02439598
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Voluntary consumption of alcohol by rats (i.e. in the absence of food or water deprivation, sweetening of the alcohol solution, etc.) that results in the attainment of behaviorally significant or pharmacologically detectable blood alcohol levels (BALs) has been difficult to demonstrate. In this study, we showed that f...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00177925
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00